Pipeline - laying of pipelines The main lines of water supply, drainage, heating and gas supply pipelines and long-distance oil and gas pipelines in cities are mostly laid underground, while process pipelines in factories are mostly laid on the ground for easy operation and maintenance. . Pipeline passage, support, slope and drainage, compensation, insulation and heating, anti-corrosion and cleaning, identification and painting and safety, etc., are important issues for both above-ground and underground laying.

access problem

Pipes on the ground should try to avoid crossing with roads, railways and waterways. When crossing cannot be avoided, the crossing height should also enable pedestrians, vehicles and boats to pass safely. The underground pipes are generally laid along the road, and various pipes are kept at an appropriate distance for installation and maintenance; the surface of the heating pipes has an insulation layer, which is laid in the trenches or protection pipes to avoid being crushed by the soil and the pipes can be expanded. move.

PPR Copper Elbow 90°

support problem

Pipes may be subjected to many kinds of external forces, including their own weight (weight of pipes, valves, pipe joints, insulation and fluid in pipes), the thrust of fluid pressure acting on pipe ends, wind and snow loads, soil pressure, thermal expansion and cooling Thermal stress, vibration load and earthquake disaster caused by shrinkage.

In order to ensure the strength and rigidity of the pipeline, various supports (hangers) must be set up, such as movable supports, fixed supports, guide supports and spring supports. The setting of the bracket is determined according to the conditions of the pipe diameter, material, pipe wall thickness and load. The fixed bracket is used to control the thermal elongation of the pipeline in sections, so that the expansion joint can work evenly. The guide bracket allows the tube to move only axially.